模式输入文件: 初值数据

用于全球模式的初值数据制作

初值数据制作前需配置好依赖环境，推荐使用以下几个文件处理软件制作初值数据，括号中为推荐的软件版本：

NCO（推荐版本：4.7.6）

CDO（推荐版本：2.0.5）

构建初值数据需要以下几个步骤：

初值数据前处理

重命名初值变量

初值变量后处理

初值数据前处理

此步骤需先下载ERA5或GFS再分析数据作为GRIST初值的原始数据，然后将其转化为nc格式，其中初值数据包括：

气压层数据：T（温度）、U（纬向风）、V（经向风）、比湿（Q）。
单层数据：PS（气压）、SOILH（重力位势）、SoilMoist（土壤湿度、一般有4层）、SoilTemp（土壤温度、一般有4层）、SKINTEMP（表面温度）、XICE（海冰面积）、SNOW（雪密度）、SNOWH（雪深）。

下载对应数据后，运行step1_convert.sh对数据格式进行转换，以下为step1_convert.sh设置参考（以ERA5数据为例）：

pathin=${Path_for_inputfile} #设置原始初值数据读取路径
pathou=${Path_for_outputfile} #设置初值数据生成路径
res="G8UR" #网格名
cdo_grid_file=/path/to/grist_scrip_gridnum.nc #设置模式网格描述文件路径（模式网格描述文件的生成请参考模式网格生成部分）
cdo -f nc copy ${pathin}/${file} ${pathou}/${file}.tmp0.nc #将GRIB格式文件转化为nc格式
cdo setmisstoc,0 ${pathou}/${file}.tmp0.nc ${pathou}/${file}.tmp.nc #将缺省值设为0
cdo -P 6 remapycon,${cdo_grid_file} ${pathou}/${file}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/${file}.${res}.nc #将初始场数据插值到模式网格

重命名初值变量

此步骤通过运行step2_rename.sh将插值好的初值文件变量名改为模式适用的初值，以下为step2_rename.sh参考设置:

res=G8UR #网格分辨率
pathou=${Path_for_outputfile} #输出文件路径
lev_type=pl #数据垂直层类型
cdo chname,var130,T,var131,U,var132,V,var133,Q ${pathin}/ERA5.${lev_type}.${year}${mon}${day}.00.grib.${res}.nc ${pathou}/initial_${res}_${lev_type}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #将对应变量重命名为模式适用变量名
cdo chname,var134,PS,var129,SOILH,var235,SKINTEMP,var31,XICE,var39,SoilMoist_lv1,var40,SoilMoist_lv2,var41,SoilMoist_lv3,var42,SoilMoist_lv4,\
var139,SoilTemp_lv1,var170,SoilTemp_lv2,var183,SoilTemp_lv3,var236,SoilTemp_lv4,var33,SNOW,var141,SNOWH,\
${pathin}/ERA5.sf.${year}${mon}${day}.00.grib.${res}.nc    ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc #同上，但为单层变量设置
ncks -v SNOW          ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/snow.nc #选取降雪数据并保存为snow.nc
ncks -v SNOWH         ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/snowh.nc #选取雪深数据并保存为snowh.nc
ncks -v SOILH         ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/soilh.nc #选取重力位势数据并保存为soilh.nc
ncks -x -v SNOW,SOILH ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/newbase.nc #选取降雪，SOILH数据并保存为newbase.nc
cdo mul ${pathou}/snow.nc      ${pathou}/snowh.nc ${pathou}/snow1.nc #计算得到snow初值
cdo expr,'SOILH=SOILH/9.80616' ${pathou}/soilh.nc ${pathou}/soilh1.nc #计算得到soilh初值
ncks -A ${pathou}/snow1.nc ${pathou}/newbase.nc #拼接snow1.nc和newbase.nc文件
ncks -A ${pathou}/soilh1.nc ${pathou}/newbase.nc #拼接soilh1.nc和newbase.nc文件
mv ${pathou}/newbase.nc ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #将newbase.nc重命名为模式初始场读取格式。

初值变量后处理

此步骤通过运行step3_post.sh脚本进一步对初值文件进行整理，使其符合GRIST模式的读取需求，以下是step3_post.sh脚本的设置参考：

lvname=plev #垂直坐标变量名
ncks -d time,0 ${pathin}/initial_${res}_${lev_type}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc  initial_${res}.dim1.nc #选取第一个时间维度的变量作为初始场（如果有多个时间维度）
ncwa -a time initial_${res}.dim1.nc tmp.nc #去除时间维度
ncpdq -a ncells,${lvname} tmp.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #调换ncells和垂直坐标位置。
cdo selname,SoilTemp_lv1 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.st1.nc #提取SoilTemp_lv1变量
ncrename -v SoilTemp_lv1,SoilTemp tmp.st1.nc #将SoilTemp_lv1 重命名为SoilTemp
… …
cdo selname,SoilTemp_lv4 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.st4.nc #同上但为第四层
ncrename -v SoilTemp_lv4,SoilTemp tmp.st4.nc #同上但为第四层
cdo merge tmp.st?.nc tmp.st.nc #将四层土壤温度合并到depth维度
ncpdq -a ncells,depth tmp.st.nc tmp.st.ncpdq.nc #将ncells和depth维度位置调换
cdo selname,XICE,SOILH,SNOWH,SNOW,SKINTEMP,PS grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #选取单层变量并存为GRIST模式读取格式文件
ncks -A tmp.sn.ncpdq.nc grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #拼接计算得到的土壤湿度变量
ncks -A grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #将单层变量和气压层变量拼接为一个初始场文件。

大初值文件制作

需指出，GRIST模式在读取比G9网格更细的初值文件时，由于netcdf对文件容量的限制，需单独制作气压层的各变量，并逐一读取。以下为大初值文件的制作参考：

cdo selname,U ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.U.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #提取U变量并单独存放
… …
cdo selname,Q ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.Q.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc #提取Q变量并单独存放

相应的需要修改namelist中的初值文件读取模式，以下为namelist设置参考：

large_atm_file_on      = .true. #开启大文件选项
initialAtmUFilePath    = ${Path_for_AtmUFile} #单独读取U
initialAtmVFilePath    = ${Path_for_AtmVFile} #单独读取V
initialAtmTFilePath    = ${Path_for_AtmTFile} #单独读取T
initialAtmQFilePath    = ${Path_for_AtmQFile} #单独读取Q

用于有限区域模式的初值数据制作

产生有限区域模式初值数据的方式，与全球模式类似。仅需将CDO插值采用的SCRIP模版文件替换为有限区域网格的对应文件即可。如果已经产生了全球模式初值数据，也可以直接基于全球模式数据插值到有限区域网格，例如： cdo remapdis,${lam_scrip_file} ${global_fileName} ${lam_fileName}

初值制作脚本参考样例（使用G8分辨率网格）

1.step1_convert.sh

pathin=${Path_for_inputfile}
pathou=${Path_for_outputfile}
mkdir -p ${pathou}

hres="G8UR"
cdo_grid_file=${Path_for_gridfile}

for file in `ls ${pathin}` ;do
if [ "${file##*.}"x = "grib"x ] ;then
echo ${file}
echo "1) convert grib to netcdf"
cdo -f nc copy ${pathin}/${file} ${pathou}/${file}.tmp0.nc
# only sea ice fraction has missing, just set to 0
cdo setmisstoc,0                 ${pathou}/${file}.tmp0.nc ${pathou}/${file}.tmp.nc
echo "2) convert lat-lon to unstructured"
cdo -P 6 remapycon,${cdo_grid_file} ${pathou}/${file}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/${file}.${hres}.nc
echo "3) clean"
rm -rf ${pathou}/${file}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/${file}.tmp0.nc
echo "done"
fi
done

2.step2_rename.sh

res=G8UR
pathou=${Path_for_outputfile}
lev_type=pl
mkdir -p ${pathou}
for year in 2008 ;do
for mon in 07 ;do
for day in 14 ;do
pathin=${Path_for_netcdf_file}/${year}${mon}${day}/
echo ${year} ${mon} ${day}
if true ;then
  cdo chname,var130,T,var131,U,var132,V,var133,Q ${pathin}/ERA5.${lev_type}.${year}${mon}${day}.00.grib.${res}.nc ${pathou}/initial_${res}_${lev_type}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
  cdo chname,var134,PS,var129,SOILH,var235,SKINTEMP,var31,XICE,\
      var39,SoilMoist_lv1,var40,SoilMoist_lv2,var41,SoilMoist_lv3,var42,SoilMoist_lv4,\
      var139,SoilTemp_lv1,var170,SoilTemp_lv2,var183,SoilTemp_lv3,var236,SoilTemp_lv4,\
      var33,SNOW,var141,SNOWH \
      ${pathin}/ERA5.sf.${year}${mon}${day}.00.grib.${res}.nc    ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc
fi
if  true ; then
  ncks -v SNOW          ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/snow.nc
  ncks -v SNOWH         ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/snowh.nc
  ncks -v SOILH         ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/soilh.nc
  ncks -x -v SNOW,SOILH ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/newbase.nc

  cdo mul ${pathou}/snow.nc      ${pathou}/snowh.nc ${pathou}/snow1.nc
  cdo expr,'SOILH=SOILH/9.80616' ${pathou}/soilh.nc ${pathou}/soilh1.nc
  mv ${pathou}/snow1.nc  ${pathou}/snow.nc
  mv ${pathou}/soilh1.nc ${pathou}/soilh.nc

  ncks -A ${pathou}/snow.nc ${pathou}/newbase.nc
  ncks -A ${pathou}/soilh.nc ${pathou}/newbase.nc
  mv ${pathou}/newbase.nc ${pathou}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
  rm -rf initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.tmp.nc ${pathou}/snow.nc ${pathou}/snowh.nc ${pathou}/soilh.nc
fi
done
done
done

3.step3_post.sh

res=G8UR
pathin=${Path_for_inputfile}
pathou=${Path_for_outputfile}
lev_type=pl
lvname=plev
mkdir -p ${pathou}
for year in 2008 ;do
for mon in 07 ;do
for day in 14 ;do
echo ${year}${mon}${day}
#2d
ncks -d time,0 ${pathin}/initial_${res}_${lev_type}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc  initial_${res}.dim1.nc
ncwa -a time initial_${res}.dim1.nc tmp.nc
ncpdq -a ncells,${lvname} tmp.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cdo selname,U ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.U.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cdo selname,V ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.V.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cdo selname,T ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.T.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cdo selname,Q ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.Q.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
rm -rf initial_${res}.dim1.nc tmp.nc
#1d
ncks -d time,0 ${pathin}/initial_${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc  initial_${res}.dim1.nc
ncwa -a time initial_${res}.dim1.nc grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cdo selname,PS grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.PS.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cdo selname,SoilTemp_lv1 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.st1.nc
ncrename -v SoilTemp_lv1,SoilTemp tmp.st1.nc
cdo selname,SoilTemp_lv2 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.st2.nc
ncrename -v SoilTemp_lv2,SoilTemp tmp.st2.nc
cdo selname,SoilTemp_lv3 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.st3.nc
ncrename -v SoilTemp_lv3,SoilTemp tmp.st3.nc
cdo selname,SoilTemp_lv4 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.st4.nc
ncrename -v SoilTemp_lv4,SoilTemp tmp.st4.nc
cdo merge tmp.st?.nc tmp.st.nc
ncpdq -a ncells,depth tmp.st.nc tmp.st.ncpdq.nc
cdo selname,SoilMoist_lv1 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.sn1.nc
ncrename -v SoilMoist_lv1,SoilMoist tmp.sn1.nc
cdo selname,SoilMoist_lv2 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.sn2.nc
ncrename -v SoilMoist_lv2,SoilMoist tmp.sn2.nc
cdo selname,SoilMoist_lv3 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.sn3.nc
ncrename -v SoilMoist_lv3,SoilMoist tmp.sn3.nc
cdo selname,SoilMoist_lv4 grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc tmp.sn4.nc
ncrename -v SoilMoist_lv4,SoilMoist tmp.sn4.nc
cdo merge tmp.sn?.nc tmp.sn.nc
ncpdq -a ncells,depth tmp.sn.nc tmp.sn.ncpdq.nc
cdo selname,XICE,SOILH,SNOWH,SNOW,SKINTEMP,PS grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
ncks -A tmp.sn.ncpdq.nc grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
ncks -A tmp.st.ncpdq.nc grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
cp grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
#append
ncks -A grist.init.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc ${pathou}/grist.era5.ini.${lev_type}.${res}_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
rm -rf initial_${res}.dim1.nc grist.initial.${res}_sf_${year}${mon}${day}.nc
rm -rf tmp*.nc
done
done
done